Series 19 – Episode 4 – reed relays for the new space era

This entry is part 18 of 31 in the series Electronic Specifier Insights

Paige West speaks with Robert King, Reed Relay Product Manager, Pickering Electronics about the pivotal role of reed relays in space applications. The conversation delved into the technical challenges of designing components for the harsh environment of space, industry trends, and the evolving demands of the commercial space sector.

Pickering Electronics, with over 55 years of experience, has established itself as a leader in high-end relay innovation, product design, and quality control. Originally focused on instrumentation and test equipment, the company now serves a broad range of industries, offering over 1,000 different relay types. King emphasised the company’s commitment to supporting engineers in the space sector, helping them specify relays that can perform reliably from launch through to the end of a mission.

Space presents unique technical challenges for electronic components. King highlighted the extreme conditions relays must endure: intense vibration and G-forces during launch, temperature swings from -150 to +150°C, high radiation levels, and strict power and weight constraints. Designing relays that are small, efficient, and robust enough to operate flawlessly for years without maintenance is critical, as in-space repairs are virtually impossible.

The industry is witnessing a significant shift with the rise of ‘new space’ – private companies like SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Virgin Galactic are driving rapid innovation in satellite communications, Earth observation, and even space tourism. This trend is increasing the demand for high-density, high-performance relays that can be produced reliably and in larger volumes, all while meeting stringent mass and cost requirements.

King explained that reed relays are used in a variety of satellite systems, from thruster control and drive systems to low-level signal switching for sensors. Their reliability and ability to withstand hundreds of millions of operations make them ideal for long-duration space missions. Pickering’s ultra-low thermal EMF relays, for example, have been used in precision photodiode readout circuits on CubeSats, enabling accurate measurements in orbit.

Qualification for space use involves robust design features such as soft centre encapsulation to protect fragile glass tubes, internal shielding to reduce electromagnetic interference, and hermetically sealed switch capsules to prevent contamination. Custom designs are often required, as space systems are typically one-off or small-batch projects with unique requirements. Pickering can quickly supply custom samples based on existing products, helping customers meet tight development schedules.

Addressing misconceptions, King noted that while reed relays are sometimes seen as old technology or fragile, they actually offer unmatched isolation, robustness, and the ability to handle high voltages in compact packages. However, for applications requiring extremely high switching speeds or purely solid-state architectures, other technologies may be more suitable.

King’s advice to engineers designing their first space system is to involve component suppliers early in the process to avoid costly redesigns and ensure components meet the mission’s demanding requirements. He encouraged listeners to visit Pickering’s website for more information and to take advantage of their free sample service.

To hear more from Robert King, you can listen to Electronic Specifier’s interview on Spotify or Apple podcasts.